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The Children’s Oncology Group (COG), a clinical trials group supported by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), is the world’s largest organization devoted exclusively to pediatric cancer research.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cancer.gov/aboutnci/ncicancerbulletin/archive/2008/031808/page1 )〕 The COG conducts a spectrum of clinical research and translational research trials for infants, children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer. Almost all centers that treat children with cancer in the US and Canada are part of the COG, which encompasses more than 200 centers in the United States, Canada, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Australia, and New Zealand. COG member institutions have multidisciplinary teams consisting of physicians, research scientists, nurses, psychologists, pharmacists and other specialists who use their specialty skills in the diagnosis, management and investigation of childhood cancer. The COG, with more than 7,500 experts worldwide, has nearly 100 active clinical-translational trials open at any given time. These trials include frontline treatment for many types of childhood cancers, studies aimed at determining the underlying biology of these diseases, and trials involving new and emerging treatments, supportive care, and survivorship. More than 90% of 13,500 children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer each year in the United States are cared for at (Children’s Oncology Group member institutions ).〔 ==Spectrum of COG research== COG’s research studies encompass hematologic malignancies, solid tumors, central nervous system tumors, and rare cancers. Hematologic malignancies include the most common childhood cancer, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, as well as acute myeloid leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma. Pediatric solid tumors studied include neuroblastoma, tumors of bone (Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma), tumors of the kidney (Wilms' tumor), rhabdomyosarcoma and other soft tissue sarcomas. Central nervous system (brain) tumors are the second most common form of childhood cancer. COG conducts research in children with medulloblastoma, ependymoma, brainstem gliomas, low and high-grade gliomas, and germ cell tumors. The large multi-site structure of COG also allows it to conduct research into very rare childhood cancer including retinoblastoma, hepatoblastoma, and other tumors.〔 In addition to disease specific research, COG conducts studies in developmental therapeutics (new cancer drug development), supportive care, epidemiology, stem cell transplantation, behavioral sciences and survivorship. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Children's Oncology Group」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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